5. A review on contagious caprine Pleuro-pneumonia disease in small ruminants; sheep and goats
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Abstract
Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is most serious disease of goats. It is characterized by the elevated up to (100%) morbidity rate and (60%) mortality. The disease is caused by the subspecies capripneumoniae of Mycoplasma capricolum bacteria. This organism found throughout the world, in more than 40 countries, CCPP affects goats, pretense a significant the threat of goat farming all over the world. Common symptoms of CCPP are elevated fever (41 to 430C), depression, reluctant to walk, dyspnea, lethargy, inability towards feed, painful open mouth breathing, coughing, stringy salivation, nasal discharge, grunting and death of uncovered animals within 5 days. It is reported that CCPP is not characterized a molecular zoonotic disease, but there are some serological test are available to diagnose it. Recently some detection associated test is performed like PCR for antibody rapid identification, latex agglutination test and pen side are also available for antibody detection. It is stated that due to lack of veterinary service availability and information about continuous surveillance of this disease at this time, we hope by the 2030 world may be eradicate such type of goat and sheep disease including CCPPP and PPR Peste Des Petitis Ruminant. Moreover, it is concluded that further studies on antibiotic sensitivity and exploration of novel antibiotics can help in better therapeutic management besides menace of antibiotic resistance. Re-visiting conventional prophylactic measures focusing on developing novel strain-based or recombinant vaccines using specific antigens (capsular or cellular) should be the most important strategy for controlling the disease worldwide.
Keywords: CCPP; Disease; Small ruminant; Sheep; Goat