11. Stability and yield performance of different wheat genotypes across multi-locations of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Main Article Content
Abstract
Knowledge of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) is essential for identifying environment-specific and widely adapted genotypes. Multi-environment trials were conducted to evaluate the extent of genotype (G), environment (E) and GEI effects on grain yield of wheat. Thirty wheat genotypes were evaluated under five environments within Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2017/18 cropping seasons. Combined ANOVA for G and GEI were significant for almost all traits. Significant GEI suggested that the performance of genotypes was not consistent across environments, revealing strong influence of environments. Generally, GEI explained major portion of total variation and thus had larger effect than G and E on the expression of phenotype of wheat yield per hectare. In present study, the contribution to total sum of squares, regardless of trait, revealed that environments (11.51 to 96.27%) and genotypes (0.98 to 13.28%) play major role in managing the given traits. However, shares of genotype × environment and experimental error were 1.63 to 34.24% and 0.93 to 39.65%, respectively. Regarding genotypic performance, the genotype WADAAN-17 (4330.80 kg per hectare) revealed maximum grain yield, whereas the minimum was exhibited by the genotype 25 TH SAWYT 305 (2837.50 kg per hectare). In case of genotype × environment interactions, maximum desirable seed yield was produced by genotype WADAAN-17 (5666.7 kg ha-1) at Mansehra, genotype HYT 65 (S) E-51 (5091.7 kg ha-1) at CCRI, genotype HYT 70 (N) E-40 (2308.3 kg ha-1) at Buner, genotype 38TH ESWYT 138(5625.0 kg ha-1) at Tarnab and genotype HYT 70 (N) E-16 (4879.2 kg ha-1) at DI Khan. According to Eberhart and Russell (1966) stability model none of the genotype were found to show ideal stability (S2di= 0). However, based on their conditions genotypes HYT 65 (S) E-51, KHAISTA-17, 38TH ESWYT 110 and HYT 70 (N) E-1 were identified as relatively stable for grain yield. Considering the Wricke’secovalence (Wi) model genotypes 38 TH ESWYT 103, 38 TH ESWYT 102, 38TH ESWYT 106, HYT 70 (N) E-1, 38TH ESWYT 140, PASEENA-17, 25th SAWYT 307 and KHAISTA-17 showed better stability across the locations. Both Eberhart and Russell and Wricke’secovalence stability models similarly described the stability of 38TH ESWYT 110 and KHAISTA-17 for grain yield. Therefore,these genotypes could be used in wheat improvement program for enhancing stability.
Keywords: Genotype × environmental interaction, Stability in wheat genotypes, Grain yield