5. A comparative study of lipid profile among controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, leads to carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism disorders. Dyslipidemia is a group of biochemical disorders, which is frequently seen in diabetic individuals and plays an important role in the development of arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular complications. This Cross-Sectional study was carried out between January 2021, to April 2021 at Minhaj University Lahore, Pakistan to compare the lipid profile abnormalities in controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients. Diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes of both genders and ages from 25 to 75 years were included in the study. A total of 300 subjects were included in the study consisting of two equal groups of 150 controlled diabetic groups and 150 uncontrolled diabetes patients. The laboratory tests including HbA1c level and lipid profile (Serum Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and VLDL, Triglycerides) were measured. The serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL levels were found significantly raised in patients with uncontrolled DM (p-value = 0.009, 0.001, and 0.001) respectively. The HDL and LDH cholesterol level was significantly (p-value = 0.941, 0.198) lower in uncontrolled DM patients. There was a low correlation found between HbA1c and triglyceride and VLDL. The patient's glycemic control has a profound effect on blood lipid levels. Patients should be educated to monitor and control blood lipids and blood glucose levels on a regular basis.
Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Glycemic control; HbA1c; Hyperglycemia; Lipid Profile