Influence of climate smart agriculture approach of barley and pea intercropping on yield, land equivalent ratio and profitability in the agro-climatic condition of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

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Muhammad Zakirullah, Shah Khalid, Fazli Wahab, Miftahuddin, Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Tahir, Shitab Khan

Abstract

Pakistan is one of the top ten countries which are facing adverse climatic changes and expected to have wide-ranging impressions such as reduced agricultural productivity, inconsistency of water availability, erratic rainfall and increased frequency of extreme climatic events. An experiment titled “Influence of climate smart agriculture approach of barley & pea intercropping on yield, land equivalent ratio and profitability in the agro-climatic condition of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa” was carried out using randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Tallest plants (99.00 cm) with (7.22) number of leaves of barley were recorded in sole while the lowest plant height (93.55 cm) with a low (7.00) number of leaves was observed in intercropping. Also tallest plants (65.88 cm) of pea with (36.77) number of leaves were measured in sole plots while in intercropping plant height (60.22 cm) and number of leaves (35.11) were noted. Highest (38.33) number of grain per spike in barley, (7.22) number of grain per pod and (12.11) number of pod per plant in pea were recorded in sole cropping plots. Highest yield (2071.67) kg per ha in barley and (2018.30) kg per ha in pea were received from sole cropping while the low yield (1725.30) kg per ha in barley and (1440.70) kg per ha in pea were noted in intercropping. Maximum land equivalent ratio (1.51) was recorded from the intercropping system. It was calculated that an income of amounting to Rs. 109392.00 per ha were generated from intercropping vs. Rs. 82866.80 per ha from sole cropping of barley, which is almost 32% higher than sole cropping. Therefore, it was concluded from the research trial that a farmers should go for intercropping instead of sole cropping to earn maximum benefits from their land in terms of cash, soil fertility and decrease the pressure of climate change catastrophe, diseases etc.


Keywords: Barley;climate smart agriculture; Intercropping; Land equivalent ratio; Pea; Yield


http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2024.130030

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