Recent advancements in stem cell-based therapies
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Abstract
Stem cell research is driven by the remarkable regenerative capacity, low immunogenic reactivity, and differentiating abilities of stem cells, making them promising therapies for genetic illnesses, malignancies, and neurological disorders. Extensive pre-clinical and early-stage clinical research is being conducted, yielding encouraging initial findings. The current emphasis lies in studying adult, embryonic, and inducible pluripotent stem cells, which has led to the discovery of new pathways for gene therapy and tissue regeneration. In the future, stem cell research and therapy are expected to provide even more opportunities for advancements in these areas. Moreover, the introduction of cell-engineering techniques has given rise to a new generation of stem cell-based therapeutics, significantly enhancing their therapeutic value. These nascent stem cells are currently being used to improve medication delivery and target untreatable tumors with oncolytic viruses. Additionally, gene editing and gene therapy have revolutionized the functionality, specificity, and responsiveness of stem cell derivatives, surpassing their natural counterparts. This engineering approach has greatly expanded the clinical applications of stem cells, leading to broader benefits for society and the scientific community. By providing innovative treatments and paving the way for personalized medicine, stem cell research holds immense potential for transforming healthcare and improving patient outcomes.
Keywords: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs); induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs); hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs); cardiac (CSCs) and myogenic stem cells (MSCs); transcriptional factors and application of stem cells