The inheritance studies in different quantitative and qualitative traits in Soybean (Glycine max L.)
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Abstract
The Oil Seed, Agriculture Research Centre, in Tando Jam, conducted the research experiment in March 2022. The RCBD research trials employed ten genotypes of soybean and included three replications. At the P<0.01 level of significance, the results showed that all genotypes' mean square analysis of variance was very strong for the following traits: germination percentage, days to 75% heading, days to 75% maturity, plant height cm, branches plant-1, pods plant-1, seed yield plant-1 (gm), and seed yield plot-1 (kg/ha). We found that BCI-4 and BCI-6 had taller plants, while BCI-5 had a shorter height. Falak Sher reached 75% maturity in 67.67 days, while ESB-390 and Falak Sher (415.67 and 414.67) demonstrated the highest seed yield in plot 1 and hectare 1. Plant 1 had more BCI-3, BC-5, and ESB-390 branches. However, the genotypes BC-2 and BC-3 showed greater pods in plant-1 (35.66 and 35.00, respectively). The character seed yield (Kg) observed a significant correlation with germination% and plant height (r = 0.339*) and (r = 0.359*). The character seed yield hectare-1 showed a significant correlation with the days to flowering and the number of branches per plant (r = 0.346*) and (r = 0.332*). The soybean genotypes displayed heritability estimates ranging from low to high for various characters. However, pod plant -1 displayed high heritability estimates of 95.48%, with a genetic advance of 44.39%. Seed yield per hectare wasalso found to have higher heritability estimates of 99.02%. Future breeding program can recommend ESP-390 and Falak Sher, the best genotypes that took fewer days to mature, for their higher seed yield per plot and per hectare.
Keywords: Different; Quantitative; Qualitative; Inheritance; Soybean