9. Management of onion seed worm (Helicoverpa armigera) associated with onion seed crop in Swat valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Abstract
Abstract
Current research work was conducted during 2016 in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to evaluate the efficacy of synthetic insecticides (Furadan-3G and Thimet-5G), botanical extracts (Azadirachta indica and Parthenium hysterophorus) and Trichogramma chilonis (Tricho-cards) in comparison with control against onion budworm in onion seed crop, Allium cepa. The statistical design used for experiment 1st was Randomized Complete Block with 3 treatments having 3 replications, whereas 2nd experiment was consisted of 4 treatments and 3 replications. In experiment-1, the lowest mean number of larvae of H. armigera was recorded in Furadan (0.48 plant-1) followed by Thimet (0.50 plant-1) and the highest was recorded in control plot (0.56 plant-1). In experiment-2 the lowest means number of larvae plant-1 was recorded in Trico-cards (0.56) followed by A. indica (0.59) and Parthenium (0.61) whereas the highest were noted in control (0.75). The highest thousand seed weight (8.00g) was obtained from Furadan treated plot followed by Thimet (7.00g) and control (1.67g) respectively. Significantly lowest seeds plant-1 was noted in control (618.8) which was statistically at par with Parthenium (812.7). The highest average yield was recorded in Furadan (521.00 kg/ha) followed by Thimet (512.00 kg/ha), Tricho-cards (475.33 kg/ha) and control (330.00 kg/ha). The maximum biological efficacy was reported in Furadan (36.00 %) followed by Parthenium (18.67 %). In lab research it was recorded that both Neem 5% and Parthenium 7% were safe for Trichogramma chilonis. The use of Neem and Parthenium in combination with bio control agent is recommended for the IPM program.
Keywords: Allium cepa; Botanical extracts; Helicoverpa armigera; Pesticides; Trichogramma chilonis
