18. Assessment of genetic variability, heterosis and heritability for morphological parameters in rice
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Abstract
Abstract
This study was performed to estimate genetic variability and heterosis in rice genotypes using fourteen parents and their ten F1 hybrids in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using two replications at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan. Significant differences among the parents and F1 hybrids were observed for all the studied traits. The parental genotypes Sadahayat, Dokri-Bas and Khushboo-95 exhibited maximum mean values for panicle length (36.6 cm), spikelets panicle-1 (264.0) and grains panicle-1 (202.3), respectively while IR-8 displayed maximum mean values for 1000-grain weight (28.7 g) and grain yield plant-1 (50.8 g). Among F1 cross combinations, DR-83/Sugdesi displayed the maximum spikelets panicle-1 (249.1), grains panicle-1 (201.7) and grain yield plant-1 (41.8 g) while Pakhal/Kashmir-Bas displayed maximum 1000-grain weight (27.5 g). Among the F1 hybrids, Pakhal/Kashmir-Bas manifested maximum significantly positive mid and high parent heterosis for spikelets panicle-1 (40.8 and 25.4 %), 1000-grain weight (22.7 and 14.9 %) while DR-83/Sugdesi exhibited significant positive mid and high parent heterosis for grains panicle-1 (66.7 and 18.9 %) and grain yield plant-1 (73.8 and 50.4 %). High phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) values were observed for grains panicle-1 and grain yield plant-1. High heritability values were recorded for all the studied traits. The genetic potential of Sadahayat, Khushboo-95, IR-8 and Dokri-Bas for yield and yield associated traits can be exploited in future rice breeding program. The F1 hybrids viz. DR-83/Sugdesi and Pakhal/Kashmir-Bas on account of their better performance for yield and yield associated traits could be further studied in segregating generations for development of new rice cultivars.
Keywords: Genotype; GCV; Heritability; Phenotype; PCV; Rice